India’s exports of the newly-exempt 50-odd items amount to about $20 million annually. The products include highly specialised: nitrile compounds used in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals; nickel waste and scrap recycled into stainless steel and batteries; lidocaine, a local anaesthetic; nick el powders for catalysts and 3D printing; nickel flakes used in conductive coatings; and high-purity precious metal articles used as bullion and inelectronics.